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‏Immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its correlation with tumor grade of breast ductal carcinoma among Sudanese Women

Ibrahim Bakhit Yousif Elemam, Abdalla Afifeldin M.kheir Ahmed, Mohammed Abdelgader Elsheikh, Ghanem Mohammed Mahjaf, Abd Alrhman Ali A. Alhafyan

Ibrahim Bakhit Yousif Elemam 1*, Abdalla Afifeldin M.kheir Ahmed1, Mohammed Abdelgader Elsheikh2, Ghanem Mohammed Mahjaf 3, Abd Alrhman Ali A. Alhafyan2

1* Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Sudan.

1Department of Histopathology & Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Al Neelain University, Sudan.

2Department of Histopathology & Cytology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shendi University, Shendi, Sudan.

3Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Shendi University, Sudan.

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Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in females, after lung cancer. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis; therefore, ant angiogenesis strategies for the treatment of cancer are currently an issue of interest. The role of vascular endothelial growth factor assumed to be the most potent angiogenesis factor is ambiguous in breast cancer. Objective: This study described the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor expression and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast cancer grade. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out conducted in the Radiation &Isotopes –Center of Khartoum (RICK) on 50 cases of formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks taken from patients with invasive ductal breast carcinomas were analyzed for vascular endothelial growth factor expression by Immunohistochemical staining. Results: The study results revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor is expressed in 17 cases (34%) of breast cancer invasive ductal carcinoma, the expression was reported in 0/4 (0%) cases of stage I, in 10/39 (25.6%) cases of stage II, and in 7/7 (100%) of stage III. There was a significant positive correlation between VEGF expression and the stage of the tumor (p-value <0.000), and a higher proportion of VEGF expression were found in stages II and III. The study recommends that further research with more sample size is required.
Keywords: Breast Ductal Carcinoma, Immunohistochemical, VEGF, Sudan.

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